SFJ Bible Reading Plan

Galatians 2

Paul Accepted by the Apostles

2:1 Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus along with me. 2 I went up because of a revelation and set before them (though privately before those who seemed influential) the gospel that I proclaim among the Gentiles, in order to make sure I was not running or had not run in vain. 3 But even Titus, who was with me, was not forced to be circumcised, though he was a Greek. 4 Yet because of false brothers secretly brought in—who slipped in to spy out our freedom that we have in Christ Jesus, so that they might bring us into slavery—5 to them we did not yield in submission even for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you. 6 And from those who seemed to be influential (what they were makes no difference to me; God shows no partiality)—those, I say, who seemed influential added nothing to me. 7 On the contrary, when they saw that I had been entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been entrusted with the gospel to the circumcised 8 (for he who worked through Peter for his apostolic ministry to the circumcised worked also through me for mine to the Gentiles), 9 and when James and Cephas and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given to me, they gave the right hand of fellowship to Barnabas and me, that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. 10 Only, they asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do.

Paul Opposes Peter

11 But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. 12 For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party.¹ 13 And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. 14 But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?”

Justified by Faith

15 We ourselves are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners; 16 yet we know that a person is not justified² by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.

17 But if, in our endeavor to be justified in Christ, we too were found to be sinners, is Christ then a servant of sin? Certainly not! 18 For if I rebuild what I tore down, I prove myself to be a transgressor. 19 For through the law I died to the law, so that I might live to God. 20 I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. 21 I do not nullify the grace of God, for if righteousness³ were through the law, then Christ died for no purpose.

Footnotes

[1] 2:12 Or fearing those of the circumcision

[2] 2:16 Or counted righteous (three times in verse 16); also verse 17

[3] 2:21 Or justification

(ESV)

Going Deeper

Luke 21-24 & Galatians 1 (1.5.19)

Grab your Bible and let’s go deeper into Galatians 1.

Read Galatians 1:1-5.

In this opening salutation, Paul gets right to preaching the gospel to the people in Galatia.

What is the gospel?

• It is the truth that God reigns supreme over all created things. Everything is from Him, through Him, to Him, and is for His glory forever and ever. That’s Romans 11.
• It is the truth that man has turned away from God’s glory in sin to make their lives about their own glory; man worships the idol of creation instead of God. That’s Romans 1 and 3.
• It is the truth that because of our sin, we deserve the righteous eternal wrath of God. That’s Romans 6.
• It is the truth that by God’s amazing grace, He saves sinners by the perfect shed blood of Christ, based on Jesus’ perfect life, sacrificial death, and victorious resurrection. That’s Romans 3.
• It is the truth that those whom God gives ears to hear and eyes to see, who repent of sin and self and trust wholly in Jesus Christ alone for salvation and lordship, He justifies and adopts as His own for eternity. That’s Romans 8.

The Word of Truth Catechism defines it this way:

The gospel is the good news of the grace and power of God to redeem undeserving sinners to eternal life through Jesus’ perfect, sinless life; substitutional, sacrificial death; and victorious resurrection from the grave. These sinners are saved by grace alone through faith alone in Jesus alone from the eternal wrath they deserved, and they are reconciled into an eternally secure relationship with God.

This is THE GOOD NEWS. The word gospel means “news.” THE GOSPEL OF JESUS = THE GOOD NEWS!

There is no other news that has been, or ever will be, bigger than this.

The Scriptures teach us there is only one true gospel. The only one way to have lasting joy, real hope, total pardon from sin, and life everlasting with God is Jesus.

Only Jesus perfectly lived the life you and I failed to live.

Only Jesus paid the penalty in death that you and I should pay for eternity.

Only Jesus produces in us the redeemed life you and I could never attain on our own.

This is the good news! But, the problem in Galatia was that new Christians were being taught there was more to it than Jesus. This is a problem we still face today.

Read Galatians 1:6-7.

What is a false gospel?

It is any “news” that proclaims to change your life based on a savior or lord who is not Jesus Christ.

It is any “news” that proclaims to change your life with a different instruction or revelation that is not God’s holy word.

Some false gospels are easy to recognize because they are proclamations from Looneyville. But many are harder to discern because they claim Scripture and Jesus to be central to their belief.

Many false gospels are simply perversions or variations of the one true gospel.

What they will say is, “Oh, we are God’s people. We believe in the Bible, too. We believe in Jesus.” What they do is take the Scriptures and then lay another teaching or extra-biblical revelation over them.

For example:

• Mormons will claim the holy Scriptures and Jesus, but then lay the revelation of Joseph Smith over them.
• Jehovah’s Witnesses will claim the Scriptures, but then lay the teachings of Charles Taze Russel and the Watchtower Society over them.
• Christian Scientists will lay the teachings of science and health from Mary Baker Eddy over the Scriptures.
• Roman Catholics will claim the Holy Scriptures and Jesus as Lord, but then wrongly add the authority of the Pope and the church and the writings of the Apocrypha over them.

Whatever the agenda (Socialism/Marxism, Prosperity Capitalism, Moralistic Therapeutic Deism, etc.), if it seeks to add to or modify the pure gospel teaching of Scripture then you have a false gospel.

A false gospel is any teaching that is not solely rooted in the living word of God (the 66 books of the historic cannon of the holy Bible) and the authority and work alone of Jesus Christ.

A false gospel is any teaching that doesn’t say with clarity that all of us are, by nature, wicked and dead in our sin. In ourselves, we are without hope for eternal life or even the ability to pursue eternal life apart from the atoning work of Jesus’ life, death and resurrection, and the sovereign work of the living God alone who redeems His people for His eternal glory and our eternal joy.

Paul is bringing a very important clarity, which is this:

The gospel of Jesus is not inclusive in that it’s not many ways to be redeemed and reconciled to God. It is exclusive–Jesus alone is the way, the truth, and the life. That is not an inclusive statement. The cross of Christ cannot and does not “COEXIST” with, or “include”, any other religion.

This is an aggressive denial of a common modern belief called Universalism or Pluralism! Universalism says everyone who dies will go to heaven and be reconciled to God someway somehow. Pluralism says all religious paths are equally valid and can, and should, coexist.

The common statement by grieving people who have lost loved ones is, “They are in a better place.” But if they had no true repentance and belief in Jesus alone prior to death then that person had no redemption from their sin guilty by the substitutional atonement of Jesus Christ. Still, some people cling to the false gospel that their unbelieving loved ones will be accepted because they were generally thought of as a good person.

Hear this today very clearly: There is no accurate biblical teaching that a person can go on rejecting the gospel of Christ and still be saved.

There are other man-made religions besides true, biblical Christianity, and there are other man-ordained authorities that seek to override Scripture; but there is no other gospel, no other good news of salvation other than grace alone, through faith alone, in Christ alone, based on holy Scripture alone, for the glory of God alone.

This is what Paul is fired up about. People in Galatia were being lied to and led astray. The false gospel Paul was specifically confronting was the Judaizers’ teaching that in addition to Jesus, you needed to be circumcised and act like a Jew to be right with God.

Instead of the good news being, “Jesus saves us by His power,” they were teaching: It is Jesus’ work and you also need to … (fill in the blank).

This is “Jesus PLUS” language. This is a false gospel! This teaching is adding to what the Scriptures clearly teach—Jesus alone saves us and redeems us. We can do nothing to add to, help, or assist our salvation.

Ephesians 2:8-9 For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.

Anytime you hear someone say, “You need Jesus … (plus something else).” STOP! And be warned! All we need is Jesus. Period. That is the good news. Jesus paid it all. It is an undeserved gift of epic proportions.

It is Jesus’ work for Jesus’ glory, and it is our utter privilege to be called by God into it. There is nothing else you and I can do. The Bible says even our faith is a gift from God.

Philippians 1:29 For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake.

God made it this way so that He gets all the glory, and not you or me. He made it this way so that we have nothing to boast in.

I encourage people all the time to stop testifying, “This is the day I accepted Jesus.” I encourage a change in how this is said not only because it is not a biblical statement, but also because in even the smallest way, it is a boasting in oneself—“Let me tell you about the day that I did this.”

Instead, I encourage people to proclaim, “This is the day that God saved me.” This way, all praise and glory go to God. “He chose me, He pursued me while I was His enemy and in His timing He awakened my depraved heart of stone to see and savor His gospel—He gave me faith in Jesus alone. Jesus did the work needed to earn my salvation—work that I could not do. And Jesus claimed for me eternal victory and right standing with God. All praise to God!”

We have nothing to brag about. Only Jesus. The good news is Jesus! Nothing else.

It is not Jesus … plus something else. He is our means and our prize! Our victory! Our greatest JOY! Jesus is not the means to another end. He is the prize.

Why is the gospel of Jesus “The good news”? One word: grace. Look at verses 3-5 again.

• Did you and I do anything to deserve the Son of God to come to earth and be tortured in our place, so we could be pardoned from our selfish rebellion against Him? NO!
• Was He obligated to do this anyway? NO!

That’s why it is called grace! Grace is unmerited favor, or an undeserved gift, given by an unobligated giver.

If you want to sum up what distinguishes Christianity from everything else, it is the gospel of grace. We are saved by grace, which means by nothing we have done.

What the Judaizers were teaching the Galatians was that they needed to “do” something else to be in the true family of God—they needed to get circumcised and act like Jews.

Next, Paul says we are to look very carefully for those who proclaim false gospels, even among those who claim to be in the church or who claim to be connected to God.

Read Galatians 1:8-9.

Many modern-day, self-proclaimed Christian teachers, preachers, and churches are the greatest danger to true Christianity. False teachers trying to satisfy fleshly desires will preach false gospels to gather a crowd, get rich, and/or start a movement.

Brothers/Sisters, just because it’s on TV, it is a big church, or the leader is likable, that doesn’t mean the true gospel is what is being preached. The worst thing we could do is think, “They talk about Jesus, so it can’t be that bad.” No, it can be that bad—bad enough to convince lost people who are under God’s wrath they are saved when they are not.

The testimony we are called to bring to the lost world is not one of pandering to others’ man-made beliefs that somehow they are good with God because of their (fill in the blank) point of view. Instead, our call is to testify the true, life-altering, exclusive gospel of Jesus Christ alone to them and trust in God’s perfect will and timing to set them free.

Finally, read Galatians 1:10.

Let me ask you, “Who are you trying to please?”

Often, we are working so hard to try to please someone else, to win the approval of man. We desire to be accepted by our loved ones, our work associates, others we associate with so we can be known and liked.

Often, we are looking to meet the approval of ourselves—trying so hard to get to a level of life we think we should be at, such as the way we look, our intelligence, the accomplishments we have made, the success of our kids.

God is making clear to us in this passage today that, “There is no other Gospel.” There is no other “good news” you can get from anyone else, or you can tell yourself, that will ultimately satisfy you and eternally save you from deserved eternal death.

Jesus is the only One who ultimately pleased God and the good news is that He satisfied God’s perfect wrath on our behalf, so we could be a part of the family forever.

In Christ, we have a new identity! We are accepted because of what Christ alone has done. This is the good news of Jesus!

Like Paul, the greatest joy in my life is to be a servant of Jesus: to be a solider for Jesus: to be a child of God!

Brothers/Sisters, hold fast to, and proclaim, no other gospel than “Christ alone.”

By His grace and for His glory,

-Shepherd

Soldiers for Jesus MC

Galatians 1

Greeting

1:1 Paul, an apostle—not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead—2 and all the brothers¹ who are with me,

To the churches of Galatia:

3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father, 5 to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.

No Other Gospel

6 I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting him who called you in the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel—7 not that there is another one, but there are some who trouble you and want to distort the gospel of Christ. 8 But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed. 9 As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, let him be accursed.

10 For am I now seeking the approval of man, or of God? Or am I trying to please man? If I were still trying to please man, I would not be a servant² of Christ.

Paul Called by God

11 For I would have you know, brothers, that the gospel that was preached by me is not man’s gospel.³ 12 For I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it, but I received it through a revelation of Jesus Christ. 13 For you have heard of my former life in Judaism, how I persecuted the church of God violently and tried to destroy it. 14 And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people, so extremely zealous was I for the traditions of my fathers. 15 But when he who had set me apart before I was born,⁴ and who called me by his grace, 16 was pleased to reveal his Son to⁵ me, in order that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not immediately consult with anyone;⁶ 17 nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia, and returned again to Damascus.

18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas and remained with him fifteen days. 19 But I saw none of the other apostles except James the Lord’s brother. 20 (In what I am writing to you, before God, I do not lie!) 21 Then I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 22 And I was still unknown in person to the churches of Judea that are in Christ. 23 They only were hearing it said, “He who used to persecute us is now preaching the faith he once tried to destroy.” 24 And they glorified God because of me.

Footnotes

[1] 1:2 Or brothers and sisters. In New Testament usage, depending on the context, the plural Greek word adelphoi (translated “brothers”) may refer either to brothers or to brothers and sisters; also verse 11

[2] 1:10 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface

[3] 1:11 Greek not according to man

[4] 1:15 Greek set me apart from my mother’s womb

[5] 1:16 Greek in

[6] 1:16 Greek with flesh and blood

(ESV)

Luke 24

The Resurrection

24:1 But on the first day of the week, at early dawn, they went to the tomb, taking the spices they had prepared. 2 And they found the stone rolled away from the tomb, 3 but when they went in they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus. 4 While they were perplexed about this, behold, two men stood by them in dazzling apparel. 5 And as they were frightened and bowed their faces to the ground, the men said to them, “Why do you seek the living among the dead? 6 He is not here, but has risen. Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee, 7 that the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men and be crucified and on the third day rise.” 8 And they remembered his words, 9 and returning from the tomb they told all these things to the eleven and to all the rest. 10 Now it was Mary Magdalene and Joanna and Mary the mother of James and the other women with them who told these things to the apostles, 11 but these words seemed to them an idle tale, and they did not believe them. 12 But Peter rose and ran to the tomb; stooping and looking in, he saw the linen cloths by themselves; and he went home marveling at what had happened.

On the Road to Emmaus

13 That very day two of them were going to a village named Emmaus, about seven miles¹ from Jerusalem, 14 and they were talking with each other about all these things that had happened. 15 While they were talking and discussing together, Jesus himself drew near and went with them. 16 But their eyes were kept from recognizing him. 17 And he said to them, “What is this conversation that you are holding with each other as you walk?” And they stood still, looking sad. 18 Then one of them, named Cleopas, answered him, “Are you the only visitor to Jerusalem who does not know the things that have happened there in these days?” 19 And he said to them, “What things?” And they said to him, “Concerning Jesus of Nazareth, a man who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people, 20 and how our chief priests and rulers delivered him up to be condemned to death, and crucified him. 21 But we had hoped that he was the one to redeem Israel. Yes, and besides all this, it is now the third day since these things happened. 22 Moreover, some women of our company amazed us. They were at the tomb early in the morning, 23 and when they did not find his body, they came back saying that they had even seen a vision of angels, who said that he was alive. 24 Some of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but him they did not see.” 25 And he said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” 27 And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.

28 So they drew near to the village to which they were going. He acted as if he were going farther, 29 but they urged him strongly, saying, “Stay with us, for it is toward evening and the day is now far spent.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he was at table with them, he took the bread and blessed and broke it and gave it to them. 31 And their eyes were opened, and they recognized him. And he vanished from their sight. 32 They said to each other, “Did not our hearts burn within us while he talked to us on the road, while he opened to us the Scriptures?” 33 And they rose that same hour and returned to Jerusalem. And they found the eleven and those who were with them gathered together, 34 saying, “The Lord has risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!” 35 Then they told what had happened on the road, and how he was known to them in the breaking of the bread.

Jesus Appears to His Disciples

36 As they were talking about these things, Jesus himself stood among them, and said to them, “Peace to you!” 37 But they were startled and frightened and thought they saw a spirit. 38 And he said to them, “Why are you troubled, and why do doubts arise in your hearts? 39 See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.” 40 And when he had said this, he showed them his hands and his feet. 41 And while they still disbelieved for joy and were marveling, he said to them, “Have you anything here to eat?” 42 They gave him a piece of broiled fish,² 43 and he took it and ate before them.

44 Then he said to them, “These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” 45 Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, 46 and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead, 47 and that repentance for³ the forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. 48 You are witnesses of these things. 49 And behold, I am sending the promise of my Father upon you. But stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.”

The Ascension

50 And he led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them. 51 While he blessed them, he parted from them and was carried up into heaven. 52 And they worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy, 53 and were continually in the temple blessing God.

Footnotes

[1] 24:13 Greek sixty stadia; a stadion was about 607 feet or 185 meters

[2] 24:42 Some manuscripts add and some honeycomb

[3] 24:47 Some manuscripts and

(ESV)

Luke 23

Jesus Before Pilate

23:1 Then the whole company of them arose and brought him before Pilate. 2 And they began to accuse him, saying, “We found this man misleading our nation and forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king.” 3 And Pilate asked him, “Are you the King of the Jews?” And he answered him, “You have said so.” 4 Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no guilt in this man.” 5 But they were urgent, saying, “He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, from Galilee even to this place.”

Jesus Before Herod

6 When Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean. 7 And when he learned that he belonged to Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him over to Herod, who was himself in Jerusalem at that time. 8 When Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had long desired to see him, because he had heard about him, and he was hoping to see some sign done by him. 9 So he questioned him at some length, but he made no answer. 10 The chief priests and the scribes stood by, vehemently accusing him. 11 And Herod with his soldiers treated him with contempt and mocked him. Then, arraying him in splendid clothing, he sent him back to Pilate. 12 And Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day, for before this they had been at enmity with each other.

13 Pilate then called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people, 14 and said to them, “You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people. And after examining him before you, behold, I did not find this man guilty of any of your charges against him. 15 Neither did Herod, for he sent him back to us. Look, nothing deserving death has been done by him. 16 I will therefore punish and release him.”¹

Pilate Delivers Jesus to Be Crucified

18 But they all cried out together, “Away with this man, and release to us Barabbas”—19 a man who had been thrown into prison for an insurrection started in the city and for murder. 20 Pilate addressed them once more, desiring to release Jesus, 21 but they kept shouting, “Crucify, crucify him!” 22 A third time he said to them, “Why? What evil has he done? I have found in him no guilt deserving death. I will therefore punish and release him.” 23 But they were urgent, demanding with loud cries that he should be crucified. And their voices prevailed. 24 So Pilate decided that their demand should be granted. 25 He released the man who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, for whom they asked, but he delivered Jesus over to their will.

The Crucifixion

26 And as they led him away, they seized one Simon of Cyrene, who was coming in from the country, and laid on him the cross, to carry it behind Jesus. 27 And there followed him a great multitude of the people and of women who were mourning and lamenting for him. 28 But turning to them Jesus said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. 29 For behold, the days are coming when they will say, ‘Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!’ 30 Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us,’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us.’ 31 For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?”

32 Two others, who were criminals, were led away to be put to death with him. 33 And when they came to the place that is called The Skull, there they crucified him, and the criminals, one on his right and one on his left. 34 And Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.”² And they cast lots to divide his garments. 35 And the people stood by, watching, but the rulers scoffed at him, saying, “He saved others; let him save himself, if he is the Christ of God, his Chosen One!” 36 The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine 37 and saying, “If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!” 38 There was also an inscription over him,³ “This is the King of the Jews.”

39 One of the criminals who were hanged railed at him,⁴ saying, “Are you not the Christ? Save yourself and us!” 40 But the other rebuked him, saying, “Do you not fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation? 41 And we indeed justly, for we are receiving the due reward of our deeds; but this man has done nothing wrong.” 42 And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” 43 And he said to him, “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise.”

The Death of Jesus

44 It was now about the sixth hour,⁵ and there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour,⁶ 45 while the sun’s light failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two. 46 Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And having said this he breathed his last. 47 Now when the centurion saw what had taken place, he praised God, saying, “Certainly this man was innocent!” 48 And all the crowds that had assembled for this spectacle, when they saw what had taken place, returned home beating their breasts. 49 And all his acquaintances and the women who had followed him from Galilee stood at a distance watching these things.

Jesus Is Buried

50 Now there was a man named Joseph, from the Jewish town of Arimathea. He was a member of the council, a good and righteous man, 51 who had not consented to their decision and action; and he was looking for the kingdom of God. 52 This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. 53 Then he took it down and wrapped it in a linen shroud and laid him in a tomb cut in stone, where no one had ever yet been laid. 54 It was the day of Preparation, and the Sabbath was beginning.⁷ 55 The women who had come with him from Galilee followed and saw the tomb and how his body was laid. 56 Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments.

On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

Footnotes

[1] 23:16 Here, or after verse 19, some manuscripts add verse 17: Now he was obliged to release one man to them at the festival

[2] 23:34 Some manuscripts omit the sentence And Jesus . . . what they do

[3] 23:38 Some manuscripts add in letters of Greek and Latin and Hebrew

[4] 23:39 Or blasphemed him

[5] 23:44 That is, noon

[6] 23:44 That is, 3 p.m.

[7] 23:54 Greek was dawning

(ESV)